{"id":304650,"date":"2024-10-11T21:27:06","date_gmt":"2024-10-11T21:27:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wahi.com\/ca\/en\/?p=304650"},"modified":"2024-11-07T15:06:42","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T15:06:42","slug":"the-real-reasons-toronto-is-so-much-less-affordable-than-ottawa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wahi.com\/ca\/en\/learning-centre\/real-estate-101\/buy\/toronto-vs-ottawa-housing-affordability\/","title":{"rendered":"The Real Reason(s) Toronto Is so Much Less Affordable Than Ottawa"},"content":{"rendered":"\n[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px||3px|||” da_disable_devices=”off|off|off” global_colors_info=”{}” da_is_popup=”off” da_exit_intent=”off” da_has_close=”on” da_alt_close=”off” da_dark_close=”off” da_not_modal=”on” da_is_singular=”off” da_with_loader=”off” da_has_shadow=”on”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.20.2″ _module_preset=”default” width=”95%” max_width=”100%” 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Population growth has created strong housing demand in the Greater Toronto Area, but it isn\u2019t the main reason that the region is twice as unaffordable as Ottawa<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.24.2″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”21px” text_line_height=”1.6em” header_2_font=”||||||||” header_2_font_size=”36px” header_2_line_height=”1.3em” header_3_font_size=”1.25rem” header_3_line_height=”1.88rem” header_4_font=”|700|||||||” header_4_font_size=”1.25rem” header_4_line_height=”1.88rem” custom_margin=”||11px|||” text_font_size_tablet=”21px” text_font_size_phone=”16px” text_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” header_2_font_size_tablet=”36px” header_2_font_size_phone=”25px” header_2_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” global_colors_info=”{}”]

By Josh Sherman<\/a>\u00a0<\/span>| 4 minute read<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_post_title title=”off” author=”off” date_format=”M j” categories=”off” comments=”off” featured_image=”off” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”||26px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_post_title][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px||3px|||” da_disable_devices=”off|off|off” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}” da_is_popup=”off” da_exit_intent=”off” da_has_close=”on” da_alt_close=”off” da_dark_close=”off” da_not_modal=”on” da_is_singular=”off” da_with_loader=”off” da_has_shadow=”on”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” width_tablet=”” width_phone=”100%” width_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_padding=”0px||9px|||” global_colors_info=”{}” width__hover_enabled=”off|desktop”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/wahi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Ottawa-vs-Toronto.jpg” alt=”The number of homes on the market continues to climb in major Canadian cities giving some buyers a shot at a discount.” title_text=”Ottawa-vs-Toronto” align=”center” force_fullwidth=”on” _builder_version=”4.24.2″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”1px||29px|||” border_radii=”on|32px|32px|32px|32px” border_radii_tablet=”on|32px|32px|32px|32px” border_radii_phone=”on|0px|0px|0px|0px” border_radii_last_edited=”on|desktop” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.24.2″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”1.13rem” text_line_height=”1.75rem” custom_margin=”-18px||2px|||” custom_padding=”||7px||false|true” custom_padding_tablet=”||7px||false|true” custom_padding_phone=”|15px|7px|15px|false|true” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” text_font_size_tablet=”1.13rem” text_font_size_phone=”0.9rem” text_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”]

Ottawa could hold the solution to the Greater Toronto Area\u2019s housing-affordability crisis \u2014 or at least lessen its severity. <\/span><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”32px||23px|||” da_disable_devices=”off|off|off” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}” da_is_popup=”off” da_exit_intent=”off” da_has_close=”on” da_alt_close=”off” da_dark_close=”off” da_not_modal=”on” da_is_singular=”off” da_with_loader=”off” da_has_shadow=”on”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px||0px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.24.2″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”21px” text_line_height=”1.6em” header_2_font=”||||||||” header_2_font_size=”36px” header_2_line_height=”1.3em” header_3_font_size=”1.25rem” header_3_line_height=”1.88rem” header_4_font=”|700|||||||” header_4_font_size=”1.25rem” header_4_line_height=”1.88rem” min_height=”765.1px” custom_padding=”6px|||||” text_font_size_tablet=”21px” text_font_size_phone=”16px” text_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” header_2_font_size_tablet=”36px” header_2_font_size_phone=”25px” header_2_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” global_colors_info=”{}”]

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When looking at housing affordability, Ottawa and Toronto are very different real estate<\/a> markets. In the former, owning a detached home drains about half of median-income earning household\u2019s pretax income, according to RBC analysis<\/a>. While that\u2019s not ideal \u2014 truly affordable housing shouldn\u2019t eat more than a third of an owner or renter\u2019s income \u2014 the Greater Toronto Area is in a different stratosphere. By the same RBC measure, the carrying costs of a standalone house add up to a jaw-dropping 93% of the local median income.<\/span><\/p>\n

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But this wasn\u2019t always so. Believe it or not, there was a time \u2014 as recently as the mid-\u201980s \u2014 when Toronto\u2019s housing market was no less affordable than Ottawa\u2019s, notes economist Frank Clayton. In fact, in 1985 the nation\u2019s capital scored worse<\/i> than Hogtown for detached-home affordability. \u201cI\u2019m surprised, and when I tell people about it, they\u2019re surprised,\u201d says the co-founder and senior research fellow at Toronto Metropolitan University’s Centre for Urban Research and Land Development. \u201cPeople don\u2019t really realize that.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n

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The little-known factoid, which is drawn from RBC\u2019s historical analysis, is the starting point for Clayton\u2019s recent research into the divergent real estate markets. Through his work, which includes a 33-page report<\/a> and follow-up note<\/a>, he attempts to answer the question: what happened?<\/p>\n

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Clayton\u2019s answer may present another surprise: the main culprit isn\u2019t population growth. That\u2019s not to say that demand from a fast-growing population hasn\u2019t driven prices higher. But Clayton suggests it\u2019s what policymakers for the Greater Toronto Area have \u2014 and have not \u2014 done to establish an adequate supply of the right mix of housing that makes the biggest difference.\u00a0<\/p>\n

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The 2 Drivers of Toronto\u2019s Housing-Affordability Crisis
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The policy problem boils down to two key issues, both planning-related. \u201cThe main thing is Toronto is very fragmented,\u201d says Clayton. \u201cToronto\u2019s got all these regional municipalities and local municipalities in between that, so nobody\u2019s in charge of the Toronto region,\u201d he tells Wahi. Contrast that with Ottawa, where much of the entire metro area is under the purview of one single-tier municipality. <\/span>
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<\/span>Under this fragmented structure, some GTA<\/a> municipalities have been friendlier to development than others. For example, the development charges levied by municipalities on developers range from about $102,000 in Bradford to about $225,000 in Mississauga, <\/span>according to a report<\/span><\/a> from the Building Industry and Land Development Association. \u201cA developer, or a builder, they have to pay those fees up front,\u201d says Clayton, who notes the fees are too high throughout the GTA and ultimately passed on to homebuyers. \u201cIn the United States, in a lot of places, you can buy a serviced lot for $150,000, and here, all you do is get the right to build.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n


Establishing a new regional municipality, similar to the former Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto, which was disbanded in 1998 with the amalgamation of the City of Toronto, would remove disparities in zoning rules. It would also be in a better position to respond to overall housing demand across the region, says Clayton. \u201cThe housing market is not a municipally based entity; the housing market is an economic unit that covers a commuter shed,\u201d he explains. (Statistics Canada defines a commuter shed<\/a> as \u201cthe area from which a workforce commutes to a (central) workplace.\u201d)<\/span>
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Provincial policies have been the second planning-related problem since the \u201880s. The 2005 Growth Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe \u2014 which Doug Ford\u2019s Progressive Government <\/span>recently replaced<\/span><\/a> \u2014 encouraged urban density, but, Clayton says, it wasn\u2019t friendly to building new low-to-mid density subdivisions on greenfield, or undeveloped, land. Nearly half of Ottawa\u2019s development, meanwhile, occurs on such land, which Clayton suggests is the kind of balance the GTA should strive for<\/span>
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<\/span>Stymying the construction of so-called ground-oriented housing is a problem, he says, because many Canadians still want single-family homes, a <\/span>preference supported<\/span><\/a> by a recent Wahi survey. \u201cThe Liberals, under their regime, didn\u2019t want greenfield development so they discouraged it,\u201d he says of the former Growth Plan. \u201cIf you restrict supply and demand is strong, your prices go up, so that was an added factor to Toronto in addition to the fragmented planning,\u201d says Clayton, who holds a PhD in economics from Queen\u2019s University.<\/span>
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<\/span>Clayton suggests the main problems are planning related because, when looking at the other factors that influence affordability \u2014 growth in population, employment, and incomes \u2014 the GTA and Ottawa have displayed similar trends over the long run. While GTA population growth has exploded in recent years, that wasn\u2019t the situation when affordability began to diverge between Ottawa and Toronto. \u201cThey\u2019re all very similar,\u201d says Clayton. \u201cThat\u2019s why I thought they were good case studies, because the economic and demographic trends were very, very similar in the two cities \u2014 even though the Toronto region is five times as big.\u201d<\/span>
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<\/span>Ottawa may have done a better job of managing housing supply across the broader metro area, but Frank Napolitano, mortgage agent and co-founder of Mortgage Brokers Ottawa, says the city isn\u2019t cheap.\u201cThe people in Ottawa feel that houses are too expensive, too,\u201d he tells Wahi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Still, he finds Ottawa house prices surprisingly low for the kind of real estate market it is. \u201cYou\u2019ll see that Ottawa\u2019s still one of the most affordable capital cities in the world to buy a house in,\u201d he says. \u201cI honestly can\u2019t put my finger on it;, I\u2019ve never been able to figure it out.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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Wahi Writer<\/p>[\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”1px||0px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][wahi_socialsharing module_class=”wahi_socialsharing_2″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/wahi_socialsharing][et_pb_divider show_divider=”off” _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” height=”30px” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#ffffff” custom_padding=”5px||3px|||” da_disable_devices=”off|off|off” global_colors_info=”{}” da_is_popup=”off” da_exit_intent=”off” da_has_close=”on” da_alt_close=”off” da_dark_close=”off” da_not_modal=”on” da_is_singular=”off” da_with_loader=”off” da_has_shadow=”on”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”||19px|||” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.18.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.20.2″ _module_preset=”default” text_font_size=”21px” text_line_height=”1.6em” header_2_font=”||||||||” header_2_font_size=”36px” header_2_line_height=”1.6em” header_3_font_size=”1.25rem” header_3_line_height=”1.88rem” header_4_font=”|700|||||||” header_4_font_size=”1.25rem” header_4_line_height=”1.88rem” custom_margin=”||23px|||” text_font_size_tablet=”21px” text_font_size_phone=”16px” text_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” header_2_font_size_tablet=”29px” header_2_font_size_phone=”27px” header_2_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” global_colors_info=”{}”]

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